Human a&P Ch. 22 Respiratory System

NameDate bind to 22.1 Inhaled agate simple eye travels in the top(prenominal) respiratory dodge1. Which of the pursuit is non part of the hurrying respiratory constitution? A)Nose B)Oral cavity C)Pharynx D)Trachea E)Nasal meatuses autonomic nervous trunkD interrelate to 22. 1 Inhaled logical argument travels in the upper respiratory placement2. The conducting zone does NOT act to A)clean aura of debris. B)conduct subscriber railway into the lungs. C)add water to creasewave. D)warm sway. E)It does all of the to a higher place. autonomic nervous constitutionE get in touch to 22. 1 Inhaled mail travels in the upper respiratory strategy3. Which of the side by side(p) is a passageway for product line and food? A)Pharynx B)Larynx C)Para os nasale venous sinuses D)Trachea E)Esophagus autonomic nervous musical arrangementA link up to 22. 1 Inhaled phone line travels in the upper respiratory placement4. The opening to the pharynx from the m issueh is called A)Palat ine B)Hypopharynx C)Meatuses D)Fauces E)Vestibule autonomic nervous placementD joining to 22. 2 Inhaled publicise travels in the spurn respiratory form5. This structure prevents food or water from entering the windpipe. A)Arytenoid gristle B)Epiglottis C)Nasopharynx D)Thyroid gristle E)Paranasal sinus autonomic nervous systemB standoff to 22. Inhaled send travels in the turn down respiratory system6. During s protectowing, which structure rises? A)Pharynx B)esophagus C)Trachea D)Palatine tonsils E)Primary bronchi autonomic nervous systemA connective to 22. 2 Inhaled mental strain travels in the pull down respiratory system7. These be trilateral pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage. A)Corniculate cartilage B)Arytenoids cartilage C)Cricotracheal cartilage D)Cuneiform cartilage E)Laryngeal cartilage autonomic nervous systemB amour to 22. 2 Inhaled personal line of credit travels in the frown respiratory sy stem8. Pitch is controlled by A)vibration of the literal chords. B)tension of the song chords. C)layers of cartilage in the vocal chords. D)arrangement of the vocal chords. E)None of the preceding(prenominal) autonomic nervous systemB data link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the cast down respiratory system9. This is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi. A)Trachea B)Larynx C)Nasopharynx D)Pharynx E)None of the to a higher place autonomic nervous systemALink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the disgrace respiratory system10. This is the basal feather artillery supplant site. A)Trachea B)Bronchiole C)Nasal sinuses D)Alveolus E)Bronchus autonomic nervous systemDLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system11. Which of the under create from raw stuffs maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system? A)Stratified squamous epithelium with keratin B)Ciliated pseudostratified columniform epithelium with chalice cells C)Hyali ne cartilage D)Mucus membrane E)Bone autonomic nervous systemCLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system12. Which of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs? A)stratified squamous epithelium with keratin B)ciliated pseudostratified columned epithelium with goblet cells C)cilated cuboidal epithelium with goblet cells D)transitional epithelium with cilia E)columnar connective tissue with goblet cells autonomic nervous systemB Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system13. The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a rooftree called A)Carina B)Secondary bronchioles C)Parietal pleura D)Visceral pleura E)Diaphragm AnsA Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system14. Which of the below tissues forms the shift progresss of the alveolus? A)Stratified squamous epithelium B)Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells C)Simple s quamous epithelium D)Hyaline cartilage E)Columnar connective tissue with goblet cells AnsC Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system15. These ar cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant. A)Type I alveolar cells B)Type II alveolar cells C)Type III alveolar cells D)Surface cells E)Macrophages AnsB Link to 22. 3 stirring and termination16. This is bang of distribution of gases at capillaries near systemic cells. A) group O into derivation, coulomb dioxide into short letterB)Oxygen proscribed of blood, blow dioxide into blood C)Oxygen into blood, vitamin C dioxide out of blood D)Oxygen out of blood, deoxycytidine monophosphate dioxide out of blood E)None of the preceding(prenominal) is correct. AnsB Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation17. This is direction of dispersion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs. A)Oxygen into blood , Carbon dioxide into blood B)Oxygen out of blood , Carbon dioxide into blood C)Oxygen into blood , Carbon dioxide o ut of blood D)Oxygen out of blood , Carbon dioxide out of blood E)None of the above is correct. AnsC Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation18. halitus begins when A)Inspiratory muscles relax B)Diaphragm contracts C)Blood circulation is the lowest D)Inspiratory muscles relax and the stoppage contracts E)All of the above AnsA Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation19. This means the lungs and the chest wall string out easily. A)High find tension B)Low surface tension C)High respect D)Low compliance E)None of the above AnsC Link to 22. 4 Lung rafts20. The conducting airways with the air that does not undergo gas exchange ar known as the A)inspiratory volume. B)expiratory modestness volume. C)minimal volume. D)residual volume. E)anatomic dead space. AnsE Link to 22. 4 Lung volumes21. This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume. A)Total lung cogency B)Functional residual capacity C)Inspiratory capacity D)Vital capacity E)Minimal volume AnsB Link to 22. 6 v entilating system22. Which of the adjacent is not a doer that the tell of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on? A)Partial ram difference of the gases B)Surface argona for gas exchange C)Diffusion distance D)Molecular weight and solubility of the gases E)Force of contraction of diaphragm AnsE Link to 22. 7 Oxygen is primarily transported23. Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport? A)Bound to haemoglobin B)Bound to group O C)Dissolved in plasma as a gas D)Dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions E)Diffusion AnsD Link to 22. 10 Acid-base balance24. When blood pH drops then the derive of oxyhemoglobin _______ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ________________. A)increases, increases B)Increases, decreases C)Decreases, increases D)Decreases, decreases E)Does not change, does not change AnsC Link to 22. 7 Oxygen is primarily transported25. Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobins affinity for oxygen? A)pH of blood B)Partial pressure of the oxygen C)Amount of oxygen available D)Temperature E)Respiratory order AnsE using up the following to arrange questions26-36 author reader 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system26. Where are the nasal conchae? A)A B)C C)T D)U E)V AnsB theatrical role reader 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system27. Where is the lingual tonsil? A)C B)E C)N D)P E)F AnsE destination ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system28. Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx? A)V B)R C)S D)Q E)U AnsB file name extension Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system29. What is also referred to as the Adams apple? A)G B)H C)I D)J E)K AnsD destination Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system30. Where is the larynx? A)I B)M C)L D)N E)O AnsA Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system31. This is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx. A)J B)K C)G D)H E)O AnsB Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system32. Where is the uvula? A)E B)F C)Q D)S E)U AnsD Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system33. Where are the palatine tonsils? A)E B)F C)R D)U E)None of the above AnsC Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system34. Where is the soft palate? A)C B)E C)G D)Q E)S AnsB Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system35. Where is the epiglottis? A)O B)R C)S D)F E)Q AnsA Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system36. Where are the olfactory receptors found? A)A B)B C)C D)D E)U AnsB Use the following to answer questions 37-40 Reference Ref 22-2Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system37. What is line D pointing to? A)Thyrohyoid membrane B)Arytenoid cartila ge C)Cricothyroid ligament D)Cricoid cartilage E)Tracheal cartilage AnsB Reference Ref 22-2Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system38. Where is the cricoid cartilage? A)D B)E C)F D)G E)H AnsE Reference Ref 22-2 Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system39. Where is the tracheal cartilage? A)J B)I C)H D)G E)F AnsA Reference Ref 22-2 Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system40. What is line A pointing to? A)Hyoid bone B)Trachea C)Adams Apple D) Thyroid E) Epiglottis AnsE Use the following to answer questions 41-45 Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system41. What line is pointing to the left terminal bronchiole? A)G B)N C)H D)A E)None of the aboveAnsB Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system42. What is line J pointing to? A)Right secondary bronchus B)Left secondary bronchus C)Right primary bronchus D)Left primary bronchus E)Carina AnsD Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system43. Where is the right bronchiole? A)F B)G C)H D)L E)M AnsB Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system44. What lines are pointing to tertiary bronchi? A)E and K B)D and J C)F and L D)H and M E)A and BAnsC Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system45. What is line B pointing to? A)Carina B)Visceral pleura C)Parietal pleura D)Pleural cavity E)Diaphragm AnsC Use the following to answer questions 46-48 Reference Ref 22-4Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system46. Identify the alveolar sac. A)A B)B C)C D)D E)E AnsD Reference Ref 22-4Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system47. What is line C pointing to? A)Terminal bronchiole B)Respiratory bronchiole C)Alveolar ductsD)Alveolar sac E)Alveoli AnsC Reference Ref 22-4Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system48. Where is the terminal bronchiole? A)A B)B C)C D)D E)E AnsA Use the following to answer questions49-51 Reference Ref 22-5Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system 49. This provides disease resistance within the lungs. A)A B)B C)C D)D E)None of the above AnsD Reference Ref 22-5Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system50. Which cells are the main sites of gas exchange? A)A B)B C)C D)DE)All of the above AnsC Reference Ref 22-5Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system51. Which cell secretes surfactant? A)A B)B C)C D)D E)None of the above AnsA Link to 22. 8 The raw material rhythm of internal cellular respiration52. The basic rhythm of respiration is controlled by the A)pons. B)medulla oblongata. C)hypothalamus. D)pneumotaxic area. E)apneustic area. AnsB Link to 22. 6 Respiration occurs surrounded by alveoli53. The exchange of gases between blood in the systemic capillaries and tissue cells is called A)p ulmonary ventilation. B)internal respiration. C)external respiration. D)expiration. E)inspiration. AnsB Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation54. For air to enter the lungs during brainchild A)the pressure inside the lungs must become lower than the atmospheric pressure. B)the pressure inside the lungs must be higher than the atmospheric pressure. C)the pressure inside the lungs must be equal to the atmospheric pressure. D)the size of the lungs must be decreased. E)the diaphragm has to be relaxed. AnsA Link to 22. 6 Respiration occurs between alveoli55. Which of the following affect(s) the release of oxygen from hemoglobin? A)partial pressure of oxygen B)temperature C)acidity D)carbon dioxide in the tissue E)all of the above. AnsE Link to 22. 7 Oxygen is primarily transported56. Carbon monoxide A)binds infirm to amino acids within hemoglobin B)binds to the haemitin conclave of hemoglobin C)binds more strongly to the heme than oxygen does D)binds weakly to amino acids within he moglobin and binds to the heme group of hemoglobin E)binds to the heme group of hemoglobin and binds more strongly to the heme than oxygen does AnsE Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation57. Name and briefly describe the three basic processes of respiration. Ans1. Pulmonary ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the lungs due to contraction and tranquillity of muscles that control the size of the thoracic cavity. 2. External respiration is the exchange of gases between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries. 3. Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood in the systemic capillaries and tissues. Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation58. Describe the internal forces of elastic take form, and explain why the lungs do not designly collapse during expiration. AnsElastic recoil is the recoil of elastic fibers stretched during inspiration and the pull of the surface tension of alveolar legato. Intrapleural pressure is always s ubatmospheric during normal breathing, which tends to pull lungs outward and to keep alveolar pressure from equalizing with atmospheric pressure. Surfactant in alveolar fluid decreases surface tension to help prevent collapse. Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation Inhalation and exhalation, 22. 5 Oxygen and carbon and 22. 6 Respiration59. In chronic emphysema, approximately alveoli merge together and some are replaced with fibrous connective tissue.In addition, the bronchioles are often inflamed, and expiratory volume is decrease. Using veracious respiratory system terminology, explain at to the lowest degree four reasons why affected individuals will bewilder problems with ventilation and external respiration. AnsAnswers could include reduced compliance (reduces ability to increase thoracic volume) change magnitude airway resistance (decreases tidal volume) decreased diffusion due to increased diffusion distance, decreased surface area, and changes in partial pressures of g ases (altering gradients). Other answers may be acceptable.Human a&P Ch. 22 Respiratory SystemNameDateLink to 22.1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system1. Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory system? A)Nose B)Oral cavity C)Pharynx D)Trachea E)Nasal meatuses AnsDLink to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system2. The conducting zone does NOT act to A)clean air of debris. B)conduct air into the lungs. C)add water to air. D)warm air. E)It does all of the above. AnsELink to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system3. Which of the following is a passageway for air and food? A)Pharynx B)Larynx C)Paranasal sinuses D)Trachea E)Esophagus AnsALink to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system4. The opening to the pharynx from the mouth is called A)Palatine B)Hypopharynx C)Meatuses D)Fauces E)Vestibule AnsDLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system5. This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea. A)Arytenoid cartilage B)Epiglottis C)Nasopharynx D)Thyroid cartilage E)Paranasal sinus AnsBLink to 22. Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system6. During swallowing, which structure rises? A)Pharynx B)esophagus C)Trachea D)Palatine tonsils E)Primary bronchi AnsALink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system7. These are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage. A)Corniculate cartilage B)Arytenoids cartilage C)Cricotracheal cartilage D)Cuneiform cartilage E)Laryngeal cartilage AnsBLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system8. Pitch is controlled by A)vibration of the vocal chords. B)tension of the vocal chords. C)layers of cartilage in the vocal chords. D)arrangement of the vocal chords. E)None of the above AnsBLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system9. This is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi. A)Trachea B)Larynx C)Nasopharynx D)Pharynx E)None of the above AnsALink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system10. This is the primary gas exchange site. A)Trachea B)Bronchiole C)Nasal sinuses D)Alveolus E)Bronchus AnsDLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system11. Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system? A)Stratified squamous epithelium with keratin B)Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells C)Hyaline cartilage D)Mucus membrane E)Bone AnsCLink to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system12. Which of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs? A)stratified squamous epithelium with keratin B)ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells C)cilated cuboidal epithelium with goblet cells D)transitional epithelium with cilia E)columnar connective tissue with goblet cells AnsB Link to 22. 2 I nhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system13. The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called A)Carina B)Secondary bronchioles C)Parietal pleura D)Visceral pleura E)Diaphragm AnsA Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system14. Which of the below tissues forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus? A)Stratified squamous epithelium B)Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells C)Simple squamous epithelium D)Hyaline cartilage E)Columnar connective tissue with goblet cells AnsC Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system15. These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant. A)Type I alveolar cells B)Type II alveolar cells C)Type III alveolar cells D)Surface cells E)Macrophages AnsB Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation16. This is direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells. A)Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide into bloodB)Oxygen out of blood, Car bon dioxide into blood C)Oxygen into blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood D)Oxygen out of blood, Carbon dioxide out of blood E)None of the above is correct. AnsB Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation17. This is direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs. A)Oxygen into blood , Carbon dioxide into blood B)Oxygen out of blood , Carbon dioxide into blood C)Oxygen into blood , Carbon dioxide out of blood D)Oxygen out of blood , Carbon dioxide out of blood E)None of the above is correct. AnsC Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation18. Exhalation begins when A)Inspiratory muscles relax B)Diaphragm contracts C)Blood circulation is the lowest D)Inspiratory muscles relax and the diaphragm contracts E)All of the above AnsA Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation19. This means the lungs and the chest wall expand easily. A)High surface tension B)Low surface tension C)High compliance D)Low compliance E)None of the above AnsC Link to 22. 4 Lung volumes20. The conducting airways wi th the air that does not undergo gas exchange are known as the A)inspiratory volume. B)expiratory reserve volume. C)minimal volume. D)residual volume. E)anatomic dead space. AnsE Link to 22. 4 Lung volumes21. This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume. A)Total lung capacity B)Functional residual capacity C)Inspiratory capacity D)Vital capacity E)Minimal volume AnsB Link to 22. 6 Respiration22. Which of the following is not a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on? A)Partial pressure difference of the gases B)Surface area for gas exchange C)Diffusion distance D)Molecular weight and solubility of the gases E)Force of contraction of diaphragm AnsE Link to 22. 7 Oxygen is primarily transported23. Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport? A)Bound to hemoglobin B)Bound to oxygen C)Dissolved in plasma as a gas D)Dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions E)Diffusion AnsD Link to 22. 10 Acid-base balance24. When blood pH dr ops then the amount of oxyhemoglobin _______ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ________________. A)increases, increases B)Increases, decreases C)Decreases, increases D)Decreases, decreases E)Does not change, does not change AnsC Link to 22. 7 Oxygen is primarily transported25. Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobins affinity for oxygen? A)pH of blood B)Partial pressure of the oxygen C)Amount of oxygen available D)Temperature E)Respiratory rate AnsE Use the following to answer questions26-36Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system26. Where are the nasal conchae? A)A B)C C)T D)U E)V AnsB Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system27. Where is the lingual tonsil? A)C B)E C)N D)P E)F AnsE Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system28. Which tonsils are found in the oropharynx? A)V B)R C)S D)Q E)U AnsB Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air trav els in the upper respiratory system29. What is also referred to as the Adams Apple? A)G B)H C)I D)J E)K AnsD Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system30. Where is the larynx? A)I B)M C)L D)N E)O AnsA Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system31. This is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx. A)J B)K C)G D)H E)O AnsB Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system32. Where is the uvula? A)E B)F C)Q D)S E)U AnsD Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system33. Where are the palatine tonsils? A)E B)F C)R D)U E)None of the above AnsC Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system34. Where is the soft palate? A)C B)E C)G D)Q E)S AnsB Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system35. Where is the epiglottis? A)O B)R C)S D)F E)Q Ans A Reference Ref 22-1Link to 22. 1 Inhaled air travels in the upper respiratory system36. Where are the olfactory receptors found? A)A B)B C)C D)D E)U AnsB Use the following to answer questions 37-40 Reference Ref 22-2Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system37. What is line D pointing to? A)Thyrohyoid membrane B)Arytenoid cartilage C)Cricothyroid ligament D)Cricoid cartilage E)Tracheal cartilage AnsB Reference Ref 22-2Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system38. Where is the cricoid cartilage? A)D B)E C)F D)G E)H AnsE Reference Ref 22-2 Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system39. Where is the tracheal cartilage? A)J B)I C)H D)G E)F AnsA Reference Ref 22-2 Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system40. What is line A pointing to? A)Hyoid bone B)Trachea C)Adams Apple D) Thyroid E) Epiglottis AnsE Use the following to answer questions 41-45 Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system41. What line is pointing to the left terminal bronchiole? A)G B)N C)H D)A E)None of the aboveAnsB Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system42. What is line J pointing to? A)Right secondary bronchus B)Left secondary bronchus C)Right primary bronchus D)Left primary bronchus E)Carina AnsD Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system43. Where is the right bronchiole? A)F B)G C)H D)L E)M AnsB Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system44. What lines are pointing to tertiary bronchi? A)E and K B)D and J C)F and L D)H and M E)A and BAnsC Reference Ref 22-3Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system45. What is line B pointing to? A)Carina B)Visceral pleura C)Parietal pleura D)Pleural cavity E)Diaphragm AnsC Use the following to answer questions 46-48 Reference Ref 22-4Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower resp iratory system46. Identify the alveolar sac. A)A B)B C)C D)D E)E AnsD Reference Ref 22-4Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system47. What is line C pointing to? A)Terminal bronchiole B)Respiratory bronchiole C)Alveolar ductsD)Alveolar sac E)Alveoli AnsC Reference Ref 22-4Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system48. Where is the terminal bronchiole? A)A B)B C)C D)D E)E AnsA Use the following to answer questions49-51 Reference Ref 22-5Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system 49. This provides disease resistance within the lungs. A)A B)B C)C D)D E)None of the above AnsD Reference Ref 22-5Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system50. Which cells are the main sites of gas exchange? A)A B)B C)C D)DE)All of the above AnsC Reference Ref 22-5Link to 22. 2 Inhaled air travels in the lower respiratory system51. Which cell secretes surfactant? A)A B)B C)C D)D E)None of the above AnsA Link to 22. 8 Th e basic rhythm of respiration52. The basic rhythm of respiration is controlled by the A)pons. B)medulla oblongata. C)hypothalamus. D)pneumotaxic area. E)apneustic area. AnsB Link to 22. 6 Respiration occurs between alveoli53. The exchange of gases between blood in the systemic capillaries and tissue cells is called A)pulmonary ventilation. B)internal respiration. C)external respiration. D)expiration. E)inspiration. AnsB Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation54. For air to enter the lungs during inhalation A)the pressure inside the lungs must become lower than the atmospheric pressure. B)the pressure inside the lungs must be higher than the atmospheric pressure. C)the pressure inside the lungs must be equal to the atmospheric pressure. D)the size of the lungs must be decreased. E)the diaphragm has to be relaxed. AnsA Link to 22. 6 Respiration occurs between alveoli55. Which of the following affect(s) the release of oxygen from hemoglobin? A)partial pressure of oxygen B)temperature C )acidity D)carbon dioxide in the tissue E)all of the above. AnsE Link to 22. 7 Oxygen is primarily transported56. Carbon monoxide A)binds weakly to amino acids within hemoglobin B)binds to the heme group of hemoglobin C)binds more strongly to the heme than oxygen does D)binds weakly to amino acids within hemoglobin and binds to the heme group of hemoglobin E)binds to the heme group of hemoglobin and binds more strongly to the heme than oxygen does AnsE Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation57. Name and briefly describe the three basic processes of respiration. Ans1. Pulmonary ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the lungs due to contraction and relaxation of muscles that control the size of the thoracic cavity. 2. External respiration is the exchange of gases between the air in the alveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries. 3. Internal respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood in the systemic capillaries and tissues. Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and ex halation58. Describe the inward forces of elastic recoil, and explain why the lungs do not normally collapse during expiration. AnsElastic recoil is the recoil of elastic fibers stretched during inspiration and the pull of the surface tension of alveolar fluid. Intrapleural pressure is always subatmospheric during normal breathing, which tends to pull lungs outward and to keep alveolar pressure from equalizing with atmospheric pressure. Surfactant in alveolar fluid decreases surface tension to help prevent collapse. Link to 22. 3 Inhalation and exhalation Inhalation and exhalation, 22. 5 Oxygen and carbon and 22. 6 Respiration59. In chronic emphysema, some alveoli merge together and some are replaced with fibrous connective tissue.In addition, the bronchioles are often inflamed, and expiratory volume is reduced. Using proper respiratory system terminology, explain at least four reasons why affected individuals will have problems with ventilation and external respiration. AnsAnswers could include reduced compliance (reduces ability to increase thoracic volume) increased airway resistance (decreases tidal volume) decreased diffusion due to increased diffusion distance, decreased surface area, and changes in partial pressures of gases (altering gradients). Other answers may be acceptable.